There used to be the days when the mining of crypto currency could be done by the effective deployment of home computers and everyone was able to do so.
How so ever, those days have long passed. In today's date, if you are mining Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin or even Ethereum; the most efficient way to do so - is to have that specialized hardware which is known as application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner.
Some people confuse application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miners with dedicated graphics card or with a desktop personal computer; however ASIC is something different.
ASIC miners are specialized designed chips having a single purpose and that single purpose might be the processing of audio or even management of cellular phone! While for the domain of crypto currency mining, these specialized chips are fabricated into specifically designated motherboards and made a single unit.
Application specific integrated circuit miners are simply a machine built for a singular aim! These ASIC miners are developed and designed to the point of trickling down to the level of chip.
In brief, the process of mining pertains to executing complicated mathematical algorithms in the want of a fixated number.
Mining hardware be it of any type, such as - application specific integrated circuit miners, graphical processing units mining rigs, or even personal computer’s central processing unit; they constantly have to execute certain calculations to find out that particular number.
Mining of Bitcoin or any other crypto currency which is based on the concept of proof of work; pertains to the first miner which is able to obtain that specific number - is provided with a reward! This reward amounts to certain number of Bitcoins. And Bitcoins could be traded in dollar$!